Civil Rights in Criminal Justice Sexual Harassment

Every company has set policies concerning unprofessional behavior, ethics, and discrimination. It is each person’s responsibility to do the right thing when no one is watching. However, there are always those that think they are above the law so to speak. It is an organizations responsibility to uphold their policies and reprimand those that break them. Unfortunately, often times covert harassment, such as, sexual harassment goes unnoticed or ignored until a victim comes forth. According to According to Rubin (1995), â€Å"Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 covers sexual harassment with respect to compensation, terms and conditions of employment†¦ Sexual harassment is when a person receives unwanted sexual advances, requests for sexual favors, physical and/or verbal sexual overtones† (Rubin, 1995, p.3). Rubin (1995) discusses two types of sexual harassment: Quid pro quo is when an employee is forced into sexual activity under the threat that he/she will have a highly held benefit taken away and hostile work environment is when an employee is forced into sexual activity under the rouse that he/she will be given a highly held benefit and the behavior is extremely detrimental by altering the original terms of employment (Rubin, 1995). Such benefits could be job loss, raises, promotions/demotions, positive/negative performance evaluations, awards etc. As with any organization, female officers endure a constant barrage of discriminatory actions so organizations must enforceShow MoreRelatedCriminal Justice Trends Evaluation1581 Words   |  7 Pages394 WEEK 1 Criminal Justice Trends Evaluation Criminal Justice Trends Evaluation John Doe CJA 394 October 01, 2001 Jane Doedy Criminal Justice Trends Evaluation The criminal justice system is forever adjusting to protect and serve a changing society. The paper evaluates, identifies and assesses recent future and current trends affecting the criminal justice system. Lastly, it defines the values of the system in a changing society. Recent trends affecting the criminal justice system areRead MoreSexual Harassment By The Gale Encyclopedia Of American Law1278 Words   |  6 PagesSexual harassment, as defined by the Gale Encyclopedia of American Law is defined as â€Å"unwelcome sexual advances, requests for sexual favors, and other verbal or physical conduct of a sexual nature that tends to create a hostile or offensive work environment.† An early and extreme case of sexual harassment in the United States was the sexual assault of African American women slaves by their owners, without any form available for legal recourse for the victims. Sexual Harassment wasn’t considered aRead MoreSocial Media and Internet Regulation Essay1691 Words   |  7 Pages Trolling is the new title that has been given to harassment that takes place on the Internet. A common example of trolling would be sending provocative messages via a communications platform for the pure entertainment of the sender, which then has a harmful effect on the recipient. There are different types of trolling; messages sent to harm others for the sender’s gratification are called ‘flame trolls’, and those to entertain others for their gratification have been given the title ‘kudos trolls’Read MoreThe Various Stages Of A Criminal Trial1523 Words   |  7 Pages What are the various stages of a criminal trial? Describe each one. The various stages of criminal trials is certain stages of arrest that take place, and develop to an end point of examination. The defendant is held and reasoned by question whether or not there was a crime that has been committed. A trial can be reasoned and argue the case. This is done to have a conviction of the defendant, and to be proven guilty. One of the first stages is the â€Å"pleading stage† and it starts by filingRead MoreEssay on Hate Crimes Against Gays and Lesbians1379 Words   |  6 PagesHate Crimes Against Gays and Lesbians LaReese Nixon Kaplan University CJ490: Research Methods in Criminal Justice Prof: Deborah Barrett August 7, 2012 Abstract Introduction Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender persons frequently face violence motivated by their sexuality or gender identity. Violence may be executed by the state, as in laws prescribing corporal punishment for homosexual acts, or by individuals engaging in intimidation, mobbing, assault, or lynching. Violence targetedRead MoreThe Issue of Cyberbullying1694 Words   |  7 Pagesï » ¿ Cyber bullying A Criminal Offense Introduction Should cyberbullying be considered a crime? What are the punishments for cyberbullying? What kinds of behaviors are categorized as cyberbullying? This paper reviews those issues and provides supporting literature. Thesis: Cyberbullying has become far more than a nuisance and a distraction in public schools and hence strict rules should be enacted to deter cyberbullying. When a state legislature passes a criminal law in order to dissuade studentsRead MoreThe Role Of Police Officers And Deviant Behaviors Within Police Environment1768 Words   |  8 Pagesseconds. Either patrolling a notorious neighbourhood, chasing a criminal on the streets or getting in a cross-fire with the suspect ,life is always on the edge. The tough choices made in these irksome situations are highly subject to the Police officers’ power to exercise his discretion. But with having discretionary power, police officers are also accountable for their conduct with the public and other members of the cri minal justice system. The term civilian oversight refers to a practice underRead MoreThe Impact Of Religion On The Oklahoma Police Captain1270 Words   |  6 Pageswhile some just use it as a belief. I would say that there was on the job stress going on. The stress factor was that the captain defied an order because of his religious views. These problems are work and personal related. Work because it caused a civil suit and personal because religion is your own personal belief. The things that could have been done differently would have to be that the higher ranking officer didn’t order Captain Fields to say that the meeting was mandatory. If the highest rankingRead MoreCriminal Justice Process Essay example1094 Words   |  5 PagesWhen a crime is committed against another person, then justice must be served to those who committed the crime. In some cases the crimes involve sexual attacks on grown adults while some offenses are against minors. In these examples the underling connection is the committed crimes of sexual abuse or sexual assault on adults and minors. When these crimes are brought before the justice system they are processed and the convicted are given a sentence to carry out but sometimes those sentences mayRead MoreShould Gay Rights Be Legal?1580 Words   |  7 Pageslook at the community as infection, it is truth that makes us afraid of what we do not understand compared to what is seen. Just like slavery and women’s rig ht, Gay, Lesbian, Quire, and Bisexuals community have been faced with adversity. Gay rights are an ethical issue because there is limitation set for our community due to sexuality. Sexual discrimination is considering a candidate or worker unfavorably because of a person’s sex, or affiliation with a group or groups related with a specific sex

Scholarship Free Essays

My career dream is to become a nurse. For me, becoming a nurse is the ultimate goal in life which unless I attain, my full potential cannot be fully exploited, hence the reason why I want to pursue nursing to the highest standards possible. Since my childhood, I have always wanted to become a nurse and serve in my community. We will write a custom essay sample on Scholarship or any similar topic only for you Order Now My desire has been strengthened by my parents who have strived to save enough to ensure that I receive quality education; in turn I worked hard and attained a high cumulative GPA.     Ã‚   In my personal experience I identified two significant questions that were decisive for my professional life, and it felt like a constant battle in my head, always trying to decide between two different worlds. Those questions were: 1. Do I become a professional that would feel realized and passionate for what I do? 2. Do I become a professional for ego or for the only reason of achievement power and prestige? I found that becoming a nurse would be professions that will help me make big impact in my community. I also know that based on the department of labor job bank data there is a shortage of nurses in the USA and for that reason is one of the professions that is on demand now a days for the next ten years. I also considered when I was in Korea to become a Doctor but I also found that it can take quit some time before can start serving my community. I have worked as a nurse in the past in a community hospital whereby I helped the health provider to streamline its nursing system which was adversely affected by fraudulent employees who were taking advantage of a weak reporting system. I also used my nursing knowledge to help the population especially the needy. I have contributed to the nursing community by getting involved in substance abuse awareness campaigns for teens to enlighten them on effects of substance abuse.   I also get involved in campaigns sponsored by different interest groups which are aimed at promoting career growth amongst the youths from the community living near my home town.   Serving in the community has helped me to understand that, despite someone’s’ weaknesses, serving in the community can bring out the leadership qualities in a person. To excel academically, one needs to receive quality education. This is the reason why I really need the Scholarship so as to be able to achieve my academic goals.   The course I am pursuing is very central to a nurse as it is designed to instill in nurses’, important concepts both theoretical and practical knowledge necessary in the nursing profession. For one to succeed as a nurse and indeed as a social worker the drive to do well must be present in the person, a nurse must be able to take initiatives as well as to offer guidance and care. If granted the Scholarship, I am likely to perform well in my studies and graduate with good grades.   Later in my career life, I intend to pursue goals and causes that will involve serving my community and the nation in truthfulness. Conclusion A Scholarship is the only chance for me to advance my academic performance and my personal leadership skills so as to come out of the college a better social worker, ready to serve my community and country.   I have in the past been spending a lot of time raising my tuition money but since the Scholarship will take care of my tuition money, I will have more time to study ad also participate in community activities. Works cited Barkley, Nella, and Sadburg, E.   Taking Charge of Your Career.   New York:   Workman Publishing, 1995.    How to cite Scholarship, Essay examples Scholarship Free Essays Why am I the best candidate for this scholarship? Well, to begin I am a hardworking, dedicated, and determined young women. I set realistic goals for myself and I try to finish anything that I start. At this moment in time I am currently working on my last year at and what a journey that has been. We will write a custom essay sample on Scholarship or any similar topic only for you Order Now While attending school I also work full time at RaceTrac Petroleum as an associate and volunteer with the Black High Achiever Club.As you can see I have quite a few objectives on my daily schedule but I don’t let that cause me to lose focus of what I really want to do in my education and career.. To start, to me its not enough to jus say I want to be successful anymore. I say, â€Å"I want to be a successful accountant. † Which is on of my long-term goals. I plan to achieve that by completing my courses at Valencia and obtaining my associate degree. Then I will transfer to the University of Central Florida to get my bachelor degree.Another one of my long-term goals is to finish school and become a Certified Public Accountant. I want to do this because there is so much more that I can do if I am certified. Long term goals are important but I cant forget that short-term goals matter too. My short-term goals are to continue and finish all of my courses at Valencia in May of 2010. Also I want to continue to work for RaceTrac Petroleum and work on moving up in the company at the same time.There are many opportunities out there sometimes you just have to take the next step. To conclude, I am the best candidate for this scholarship because I have the dedication and determination that it takes to make it in life. Not only that ,but I am also a hard worker. Where I come from hard work, dedication, and determination not only brings success but it ensures it. I want to further my education and I plan to do this by staying focus on all of my goals and taking the necessary steps to accomplish my goal. How to cite Scholarship, Papers Scholarship Free Essays I believe I deserve the Bloom Trail Alumni Scholarship because with its assistance the cost of college will be more obtainable. Being able to attend college is important to me because it provides many opportunities for me in making sure I have a successful career and future. By attending college, I will be able broaden my horizon and grown not only as an individual, but more importantly I will be able to grow academically. We will write a custom essay sample on Scholarship or any similar topic only for you Order Now This fall I will be attending Northern Illinois where I plan to receive my English degree along with my teacher’s certificate. With a teacher’s certificate I want to return to a school similar to Bloom Trail. During my experience here at Bloom Trail I have encountered many opportunities that have shaped these decisions. The diversity here has caused me to look at everything with more of a patient, open approach so I can understand the different personalities I come across. I also have met many teachers along my journey who have affected my decision to further my education in becoming a teacher at a similar school. Even though they probably could have found a job at a better school, they still decided to teach at a school where students need a little more work and someone who has a love for sharing their knowledge and wants to see students succeed. These are the kind of teachers who have pushed me to excel academically instead of just settling for the easy way out. Not only did they push me to do my best educationally, but to also break out of my â€Å"shell† that was holding me back from being someone who could one day make a difference in someone else’s life. Along with these skills, there have been several times I had a lot of pressure on me to meet a certain deadline all while managing the other aspects of my life. These situations have helped me to be a more disciplined and organized individual. With all the chaos of juggling two jobs, a social life, and school going on I’ve still been able to remain a reliable person. My teachers, friends, family, and employers can still count on me to be there when needed and meet my deadlines. So with my skills and experiences I believe I have what it takes to make a good teacher. School is a major aspect in children’s live by helping them shape and mold themselves into for whatever the future has in store for them. I would love to one day be able to say I could do that for someone, and being a teacher would make that possible. Being able to just reach out and touch the life of one child would mean a great deal to me, and with the assistance of your scholarship I will be able to do just that. I will be able to start the next chapter in my life where I look forward to conquering all the obstacles I come across on my journey to one day being able to give back to the community and students just like you have done for me. So I greatly appreciate the opportunity of being considered for this honor and I hope you will be able to make my dreams possible by awarding me your scholarship. How to cite Scholarship, Papers Scholarship Free Essays Passion, dedication and time embody a no ordinary volunteer for service and gratitude. Imagining the smiles in the faces of people, especially the less fortunate who have experienced charity is a pretty good feeling knowing that you have given your unconditional time and was able to lend a helping hand. I have shown my spirit of volunteerism for many years now and have been involved in many outreach programs and projects that help communities improve not just their livelihood but also their spiritual growth in many places. We will write a custom essay sample on Scholarship or any similar topic only for you Order Now Likewise, serving my community church as a Bible study teacher and Usher made me realized how important public service is. This made me grow not to the worst but to the best of my ability to serve for the greater good. With my degree in Human Resource Management and International Relations, I was able to work and assist over 50, 000 Quartermaster Soldiers as a Career Manager with an aim in helping them with their ideal professions or careers. Also, I call myself for response to soldiers who are victims of Sexual Assault in over 85 cases as a Sexual Assault Coordinator while also working as a Unit Victim Advocate. Because of this uncontrollable and worsening abuse, I wanted to go beyond the â€Å"comfort zone† by providing a shelter for battered men and women and do simple but courageous everyday things that will express my deep love and concern for the common abused people. This is the reason why I am dreaming to earn the scholarship offered by the US Army Foundations. Through this, I can be able to help the abused Soldiers and their family members who are victimized by Sexual Assault. Although this dream is but small, the realization of these small actions that we do everyday gives pretty big results because it is through little raindrops that we make big floods. How to cite Scholarship, Papers

The Catcher In The Rye Essays (580 words) - Literary Realism

The Catcher in the Rye The Catcher in the Rye - foreshadowing - The use of forshadowing in a novel can help it's reader get a sense of what is to come in the story without giving away the events themselves. It is a powerful tool which prevents events from being left unexplained, leaving the reader question the effectivness of an outcome. The eventual breakdown of the character Holden Caufield in J.D. Salinger's controversial 1945 novel "The Catcher in the Rye" was foreshadowed in the early chapters of the book. The first clue is his negative approach to life. He begins by talking about his "lousy childhood" (p.1) and the first traces of profanity can be seen scattered about the page in the form of "crap", "hell" and "goddam". Holden's first sign of distrust comes when he speaks to Ward Stradlater about his date with Jane Gallagher: "Listen. Give my regards, willya?" "Okay," Stradlater said, but I knew he probably wouldn't... "A sk her if she still keeps all her kings in the back row." "Okay," Stradlater said, but I knew he wouldn't. (p.33-34) This is seen again when he doesn't trust Stradlater to stop his advances of Jane in the case that she says no. Holden gives up his faith in people to trust him when he boards a bus holding a snowball. The driver refuses to believe that Holden won't throw the snowball so he draws the conclusion that "People never believe you." (p.37). He is also always placing labels upon people as being "phonies" which gives the reader the idea that Holden thinks that others are materialistic. Holdens attempts to protect the innocence in the world is another early sign of his deteriorating state. When Holden goes to Pheobe's school to deliver his note he sees some swearing of the wall which he says "drove me damn near crazy" (p.201). He wipes the words from the wall in an attempt to prevent the inevitable from occuring, leading the reader to believe that he m ay experience some mental unstability in the future. Eventually he comes to the realization that he can't rub all the profanity away himself. Another example of Holden's attempt to shelter innocence is the fact that he never does call Jane, possibly for fear that she will scar his memories of her as an innocent child. The title of this novel presents this theme to the reader in that Holden wants to be "the catcher in the rye" (p. ) so he can catch all of the children that sway to close to the edge of a cliff in thier play. Perhaps the most obvious example of foreshadowing in the novel occurs when his parents come close to having him "phsycoanalyzed and all" (p.39) when he breaks all the windows in the garage. Throughout the novel he refers to himself as "a madman" (p.79) which gives the reader the idea that he sees himself as having a sort of mental problem. These two peices of evidence alone present a fairly firm idea of what will happen to Holden towards the end of the story. The use of foreshadowing is evident in the novel "The Catcher in the Rye". It does it's job well in that it foretells the outcome of Holdens many problems and gives reason for it. The eventual breakdown of Holden is not startling to the reader because of the authors use of foreshadowing and therefore it is effective.

Concept and Role of Civil Society in Democracy Essay Example

Concept and Role of Civil Society in Democracy Essay Example Concept and Role of Civil Society in Democracy Essay Concept and Role of Civil Society in Democracy Essay Concept and Role of Civil Society in Democracy The concept of civil society was introduced in Rome by Cicero. In the classical Greek time the state and civil society were al-most in equal status. Civil Societies meaning and role has been different in different historical phases of political discourse. In the period of mid eighteenth century as a consequence of renaissance, humanism and scientific revolution, legitimacy of absolutism was questioned. That started seeking about the sources of political and moral authority and the reason behind absolutism. So the churches who legitimated absolutism were against the will of people. The danger of anarchism caused human beings to be aware of the need for the mechanism to protect themselves. According to Hobbes rationality and self interest persuade human beings to combine in agreement to surrender sovereignty to a common power (which he called leviathan). The social contract theory of Hobbes stated two types of relationship. One was vertical, between the leviathan and the people, the latter submitted themselves to the former. The second system was the realm of horizontal relationship among the people. In that system people were compelled to limit their natural rights in a way that would not harm the right of others. The first is state and the second is civil society. In Hobbes paradigm, the formation of civil society lead to the formation of government, state and laws. The concept of state of nature and sovereignty of state lead to the realism which defined the nature of relationship between the state and the civil society. The modern meaning in sociological perspective of civil society is based on the works of David Held (1987-95). According to him, Civil Society retains a distinctive character to the extent that it is made- up of areas of social life. This social life includes the domestic world, the economic sphere, cultural activities and political interaction. These areas of social life are organized by the private and voluntary arrangements between individuals and groups. The sphere of these institutions and actor are outside the direct control of the state. Civil society, in the view of New left, can play key role in defending people against the state and market and in assisting the democracy and in asserting the democratic will to influence the state. The Neo- Liberals consider civil society as a site to struggle to subvert communist and authoritarian regimes. So civil society occupies an important place in the political discourses of both New- left and Neo – liberals. The London School of Economics/ centre for civil society, has defined as civil society refers to the area of voluntary association of actors around common interests, purposes and values. Its institutional forms are different from that of state. The civil societies are often populated by organizations, such as registered charities, developmental NGOs, community groups, womens organizations, faith based organizations, professional associations, trade union, self help group, social moments, business associations, coalitions, and advocacy groups. Thus, the civil society is composed of the totality of voluntary, civic,and social organizations, and institutions. These civil societies form the basis of a functioning society. It is an accepted value that the democratic society works to promote active citizenship and political participation. These values of civil society in a democray are more important than any other forms of societies. In the democratic set- up such as in the western world and in many developing countries. The civil societies have served as a means of social renewal by improving the participation and faith of people in the political process. So, the role of civil society to improve peoples participation in the democracy may be described as below. Civil society limits the power of state. Any democracy needs a well functioning and authoritative state at the same time theres need to check, monitor and control the abuse of powers and violations of laws. Civil societies have vital role in public education and information. Which in turn will increase political efficacy and skill of democratic citizen and promote an appreciation of obligation and rights of citizen Providing avenues and voice to the stake holders is also a role by allowing them to articulate, express, represent their concerns publicly. That will help to influence the governance level as well . Civil society can brings people of different interest together to a common platform for their common interest and purposes. That helps to build solidarity among different stakeholders. Civil societies campaign against sexism, racism, un-touchability , minorities issues creates awareness and harmony towards each-other and bring changes in peoples attitude . Which will help the citizen to enjoy the benefit of democracy easily . Voters education, election monitoring for fair election, public accountabilitys promotion, public access to information, transparency, human right defender are the areas in which civil society can play influential role so that citizen will be able to use the rights of democracy in full potential . Finally, civil societies can play their role by making state more accountable at all levels, responsive, inclusive, effective and legitimate. A successful civil society strengthens citizens respect for the state and promotes their engagement with state. Civil society , therefore, can provide alternative policy inputs, voice to the voice less, promote transparency, correct distribution system and can play a role of democracy defender .

Definition and Examples of Standard American English

Definition and Examples of Standard American English The term Standard American English customarily refers to a variety of the English language thats  generally used in professional communication in the United States and taught in American schools. Also known as  Edited American English, American Standard English, and General American. Standard American English (SAE or StAmE) may refer to either written English or spoken English (or both).Standard American English is not a myth, say linguists William Kretzschmar and Charles Meyer, but it is not identical with the language of any natural population of speakers; it is a very real institutional construct that has attracted the loyalty of a committed group of speakers who claim that they speak it (The Idea of Standard American English in  Standards of English, 2012). Examples and Observations The notion of a widespread, normative variety, or standard dialect, is an important one, but it is not always easy to define in a precise way, especially for English. . . .In the United States, we dont have a language academy, but we have many grammar and usage books that people turn to for the determination of standard forms. The key words in this definition are prescribed and authority so that the responsibility of determining standard forms is largely out of the hands of most speakers of the language. . . .If we took a sample of everyday conversational speech, we would find that there are virtually no speakers who consistently speak formal standard English as prescribed in the grammar books. In fact, it is not unusual for the same person who prescribes a formal standard English form to violate standard usage in ordinary conversation.(Walt Wolfram and Natalie Schilling-Estes, American English: Dialects and Variation, 2nd ed. Blackwell, 2006)Standard American English UsageStandard A merican English usage is linguistic good manners, sensitively and accurately matched to context- to listeners or readers, to situation, and to purpose. But because our language is constantly changing, mastering its appropriate usage is not a one-time task like learning the multiplication tables. Instead, we are constantly obliged to adjust, adapt, and revise what we have learned.(The Columbia Guide to Standard American English. Columbia University Press, 1993) Standard American English and Social PowerStandard American English is not a variety of English that is inherently standard, or better, or more beautiful, or more logical than other forms of English. What makes it standard is that some speakers of American English have the social power to impose the variety of English they happen to use on speakers of other varieties. They are in a position to make their English the prestigious form of English. They can do so thanks to their social power. Since this social power is desired by other people, the English spoken by people with power is also desirable for others. In this sense, the possession of the prestigious variety is the possession of social power.(Zoltan Kovecses,   American English: An Introduction. Broadview, 2000)Standard American English Pronunciation- StAmE pronunciation differs from region to region, even from person to person, because speakers from different circumstances in and different parts of the United States commonly employ regional and social features to some extent even in formal situations.(William A. Kretzschmar, Jr., Standard American English Pronunciation. A Handbook of Varieties of English, ed. by Bernd Kortmann and Edgar W. Schneider. Mouton De Gruyter, 2004)- As for pronunciation, Standard American English is best defined as the avoidance of pronunciations associated with particular regions or social groups.(William A. Kretzschmar, Jr. and Charles F. Meyer,  The Idea of Standard American English. Standards of English:  Codified Varieties Around the World.  Cambridge University Press, 2012). Also see: American EnglishEdited American English (EAE)General American EnglishAfrican-American Vernacular English (AAVE)American SpellingLanguage StandardizationNonstandard EnglishPrescriptive GrammarPrestigeStandard British EnglishStandard EnglishWhat Is Standard English?

HUMAN RESOURCES MANAGEMENTas coherent and strategic management Essay

HUMAN RESOURCES MANAGEMENTas coherent and strategic management - Essay Example The term 'human resource,' first emerged in 1950's, coined by Peter Druker in one of his seminars and traces back to organisational development and human capital theory. HRM is controversial and debatable surrounded by great academic diversity. Confusion is caused because of the 'ambiguous pedigree' of the concept (Noon, 1992). There is a lack of clarity, the term can be viewed as being broad. HRM is a concept regarded as being enigmatic / obscure due to ideological, empirical and theoretical reasons and in many cases because of micro politics (Storey, 1992). Difficulties in defining HRM and the lack of a universally accepted definition implies that HRM is an innovation that takes on the meaning of whatever the person speaking at the time wants it to be (Torrington, 1989). Questions arise over the existence of HRM (Armstrong, 2000), over its meaning and status; is HRM a 'map,' 'model' or 'theory' (Noon, 1992) and of whether it is distinct from the traditional rhetoric of personnel an d industrial relations management. ... However, there must also be something extra if HRM is to be considered as a new innovative approach. Distinction by integration similarly leads to debate as integration is viewed differently. Again, lack of clarity leads back to the thought of HRM being whatever an organisation wants it to be. There is an apparent scale in operation which takes into account hard and soft HRM. Hard versions of HRM place emphasis on: "Strategic interventions to secure full utilisation of labour resources" (Worsfold, 1999, 340). This type of people management may be expected within the manufacturing industry, on the production line which is product and profit driven rather than service. Whereas soft versions of HRM emphasise: "Strategic interventions for commitment and development" (Worsfold, 1999, 340). Soft HRM would appear to be more synonymous with service industries, where the product is generally intangible, customers often receive an experience provided by the 'human resource,' thus commitment is sought. The human resource is perhaps more valuable, their impact greater and they may not be as easily replaced as perhaps a production operative in the manufacturing industry. Hard HRM relates back to the human relations movement from where personnel management can claim some of its origins and presents workers as a commodity, a resource to be exploited: "to be used dispassionately and in a formal rational manner" (Storey, 1992, 26). Hard HRM reflects the capitalist tradition, operating against workers' interests with no significance regarded to their well being, exploitation being paternalist and benevolent (Guest, 1999). "Essentially workers are simply resources to be squeezed and disposed of as business

What is happiness Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

What is happiness - Research Paper Example Similarly, the conquest of and pursuit of happiness may be different to other based on the individual desires. There is no fixed or single definition to happiness and it can be defined differently by different experts and analysts from different professions. For example a historian will define happiness in the context of an emperor, ruler or other political or military mindset oriented individual who has had number of successes, in the same context, a philosopher may find happiness in the form of reaching to another level of thinking, or reaching to the minds and acceptance level of the readers or the students who follow that particular philosopher. Happiness also varies between the age groups. It may also vary between the societies, the surroundings and the geographical factors. For example a mere a smile may bring upon happiness and pleasure on any one’s face, to others happiness may mean earning millions and then continuing the process of striving further towards acquiring more wealth. Various questions entail the concept of happiness. These questions include the understanding of the phenomena with regard to the question such as the co relative and subjectively inductive understanding of happiness. What would the state of happiness be if it is in conflict with someone else, or if it is gained at the cost of discomfort, compromise or other damage or deprivation that may be felt by any other individual. In that case the definition of happiness would not stand fulfilled rather it would be termed as an envy, state of unhealthy competition or any other non productive bondage and affiliation in which the gain of one is the loss of other. Happiness in other words is a state of mind that is embodied by expectations. These expectations contain element of hope, future, pleasure, togetherness, completeness, accomplishment of the dreams that are held back in heart and mind and desired to be transformed into reality in the